Arabic Sentences and Constructions Quiz

1A sentence that begins with an ism (noun) is called?

• Jumlah ismiyah Correct
• Jumlah fi'liyah
• Jumlah syartiyah
• Jumlah haliyah

Explanation: Jumlah ismiyah is a sentence that begins with a noun, such as "الْبَيْتُ كَبِيرٌ". When a sentence begins with a verb, it is a jumlah fi'liyah.

2In the sentence "الطَّالِبُ مُجْتَهِدٌ" (the student is diligent), the word "الطَّالِبُ" functions as?

• Khabar
• Fa'il
• Mubtada Correct
• Maf'ul

Explanation: "الطَّالِبُ" is the noun that opens the sentence and is the subject being discussed, so it functions as the mubtada. "مُجْتَهِدٌ" is the khabar that informs about it.

3The original grammatical case (i'rab) of the mubtada and khabar is?

• Nasb (fathah)
• Jarr (kasrah)
• Jazm (sukun)
• Raf' (dhammah) Correct

Explanation: Both the mubtada and khabar take the raf' case, whose default marker is dhammah on a singular noun. Example: "الْعِلْمُ نُورٌ", where "الْعِلْمُ" and "نُورٌ" both end in dhammah.

4Which one is an example of jumlah fi'liyah?

• كَتَبَ الْوَلَدُ الدَّرْسَ Correct
• الْوَلَدُ كَاتِبٌ
• الْكِتَابُ جَدِيدٌ
• السَّمَاءُ صَافِيَةٌ

Explanation: "كَتَبَ الْوَلَدُ الدَّرْسَ" begins with the past-tense verb "كَتَبَ", so it is a jumlah fi'liyah. The other three begin with a noun, making them jumlah ismiyah.

5In the sentence "الْمُسْلِمُونَ صَادِقُونَ", why is the raf' marker on the khabar "صَادِقُونَ" the letter waw?

• Because it is a singular noun
• Because it is a sound feminine plural
• Because it is a sound masculine plural Correct
• Because it is a dual noun

Explanation: "صَادِقُونَ" is a sound masculine plural (jamak mudzakkar salim). Its raf' marker is the waw (in place of dhammah), since the khabar must agree with the mubtada "الْمُسْلِمُونَ", which is also a masculine plural.

6In the sentence "فِي الْبَيْتِ رَجُلٌ" (in the house is a man), what is the grammatical role of "فِي الْبَيْتِ"?

• Khabar muqaddam (fronted predicate) Correct
• Mubtada
• Fa'il
• Maf'ul bih

Explanation: "فِي الْبَيْتِ" is a prepositional phrase occupying the position of the khabar, brought forward (khabar muqaddam), while "رَجُلٌ" is the delayed mubtada (mubtada muakhkhar). Since the mubtada is indefinite here, the khabar must be fronted.

7Which sentence has a khabar in the form of a jumlah fi'liyah?

• الْعِلْمُ نَافِعٌ
• الطَّالِبُ يَدْرُسُ الْعَرَبِيَّةَ Correct
• الْكِتَابُ عَلَى الطَّاوِلَةِ
• زَيْدٌ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ

Explanation: In "الطَّالِبُ يَدْرُسُ الْعَرَبِيَّةَ", the mubtada is "الطَّالِبُ" and the khabar is the verbal sentence "يَدْرُسُ الْعَرَبِيَّةَ" (verb plus an implied subject). The others have a single-word khabar or a prepositional phrase, not a verbal sentence.

8The khabar must agree with the mubtada in two main respects, namely?

• Number and gender (singular/dual/plural and masculine/feminine) Correct
• Time and place
• Preposition and its vowel
• Verb pattern and root

Explanation: A single-word khabar must agree with the mubtada in number (singular, dual, plural) and gender (masculine/feminine). Example: "الْبِنْتَانِ مُجْتَهِدَتَانِ", where the khabar follows the feminine dual mubtada.

9In the verse "الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ", what is the grammatical role of the word "الْحَمْدُ"?

• Fa'il in the raf' case
• Mubtada in the raf' case Correct
• Khabar in the raf' case
• Maf'ul bih in the nasb case

Explanation: "الْحَمْدُ" is the mubtada in the raf' case marked by dhammah, while "لِلَّهِ" (a prepositional phrase) occupies the position of the khabar. This is a jumlah ismiyah because it begins with a noun.

10In the sentence "الطَّالِبُ كِتَابُهُ جَدِيدٌ", what is the role of "كِتَابُهُ جَدِيدٌ" in relation to the first mubtada "الطَّالِبُ"?

• A khabar in the form of a jumlah ismiyah Correct
• A khabar in the form of a jumlah fi'liyah
• A khabar in the form of a prepositional phrase
• A single-word khabar

Explanation: "الطَّالِبُ" is the first mubtada. "كِتَابُهُ" is a second mubtada and "جَدِيدٌ" its khabar, so "كِتَابُهُ جَدِيدٌ" is a jumlah ismiyah serving as the khabar of the first mubtada. Within it, the pronoun "ـهُ" refers back to the first mubtada as the linking element (rabith).

11Which sentence REQUIRES the khabar to be placed before the mubtada?

• مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولٌ
• عِنْدَكَ كِتَابٌ Correct
• الْعِلْمُ نُورٌ
• الْجَنَّةُ حَقٌّ

Explanation: In "عِنْدَكَ كِتَابٌ", the khabar (the adverbial "عِنْدَكَ") must come first because the mubtada "كِتَابٌ" is indefinite and has no specifier. Placing an indefinite mubtada first without a specifying factor would make the sentence incorrect.

12In the sentence "الْمُؤْمِنُونَ يُصَلُّونَ", what type of sentence is it, and what is the role of "يُصَلُّونَ"?

• Jumlah fi'liyah; "يُصَلُّونَ" is a verb with its subject
• Jumlah ismiyah; "يُصَلُّونَ" is a khabar in the form of a jumlah fi'liyah Correct
• Jumlah ismiyah; "يُصَلُّونَ" is a single-word khabar
• Jumlah fi'liyah; "الْمُؤْمِنُونَ" is the object

Explanation: The sentence begins with the noun "الْمُؤْمِنُونَ", so it is a jumlah ismiyah. "يُصَلُّونَ" is a present-tense verb together with its subject (the plural waw), forming a verbal sentence, and that verbal sentence occupies the position of the khabar of the mubtada "الْمُؤْمِنُونَ".